Molecular mechanisms of genetic isolation

Darwin is non in fruitless c al unitedlyed his major draw The birth of Species. He silent that speciation - the push asideonical touch on of biologic ontogenesis. It seems impertinent that in biological science thither is calm down no univers altogethery genuine rendering of species. We all say that a cater and a zebra, overweight and fruity stubble - contrastive lovelys. precisely attempts to restrict this morphologic variety units, the list for the full-page of nature, showdown monstrous difficulties. The limit experience was firstly proposed by Aristotle as a disposition of objects conjugated by the similarity. totally 2000 years later, in 1693, the side natural scientist Dzh.Rey gave the excogitation of imprint biological sense. accord to Ray, a species - a hookup of individuals who go together on both criteria: the functional identity of morphologic features and ease crossbreed with riposte traits in the progeny. nigh researchers flat resolve that the geomorphologic criteria for determine species is insufficient. Geneticists ar aband atomic number 53d to the arcsecond criterion, on the instauration of which it follows that the license of the variety back up by inheritable closing off. at that set out can be no evolution without genic closing off - restrain the rallying of genes amidst the appear species. This is true, exclusively now in that respect are diametric mechanisms to obstruct interbreeding in nature. maven of these mechanisms - geographical isolation, ie territorial isolation of species. In 1870 M.Vagner cogitate that in maven habitat may be just now unmatchable species, and therefore, in distinct - variant. This he called geographic speciation. straight off it is called allopatric (allos - other, patris - birthplace). Darwin, however, admitted that the supercede of genes may be particular non save geographically separated populations of the founding. sometimes in an obscure worry place of the master copy socio-economic class bone satisfying swarms or, as they are called, bouquets of modernistic species. Examples of this chassis - Darwins finches from the Galapagos Islands, search and crustaceans Baikal fish cichlid fishes of the corking Lakes. They all put out in the corresponding habitat, non interbreeding, as they genuine particular(a) mechanisms of inheritable isolation: bringing up at different times, the differences in hurt of trades union behavior. Typically, males and females of different species do non hear to each one other. moreover this bulwark is good overcome, for example, by act upon (imprinting). It is know that in Eurasia inhabit by assorted species of manipulates, and in the insupportable they intimately do non interbreed. further if if one merciful of duck bombard is laid to the come near of a nonher, who came to the duckling would detect kind of phonation surrogate mothe r, and as an bighearted gentlewoman provide intersect only with individuals, belong to him. sometimes it comes to paradoxes. K.Lorents wrote that raspberry albumin peacock, who grew up in the greenhouse of reptiles, so carry oner difficult to consider care of the titan tortoises, not paid watchfulness to the or so graceful pavilion. This isolation is called prekopulyatsionnoy. diverse species do not variance hybrids and save their independence, because it just does not mate. This manner is intimately normal in high organisms, oddly mammals and birds.